serialization/deserialization of datum in VM

This commit adds logic to serialize and deserialize datum, as well
as the start of some total binary format. It implements serialize
and deserialize routines per datum type. Tests are included for
comples cases. Similar code existed in the organelle package which was
then centralized here.

Additionally: this commit makes release target binaries smaller and
faster

Signed-off-by: Ava Affine <ava@sunnypup.io>

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,3 +1,13 @@
+cargo-features = ["profile-rustflags"]
+
 [workspace]
 resolver = "2"
 members = ["mycelium", "decomposer", "hyphae", "organelle"]
+
+[profile.release]
+opt-level = 3
+strip = true
+lto = true
+codegen-units = 1
+panic = "abort"
+rustflags = [ "-Zlocation-detail=none", "-Zfmt-debug=none" ]

hyphae/src/heap.rs

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@
 use core::ops::{Index, Deref, DerefMut};
 use core::ptr::NonNull;
 
-use alloc::rc::Rc;
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
+use alloc::rc::Rc;
 use alloc::boxed::Box;
 use alloc::fmt::Debug;
 
@@ -293,7 +293,6 @@ impl Index<usize> for Cons {
     }
 }
 
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;

hyphae/src/lib.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ pub mod hmap;
 pub mod stackstack;
 pub mod instr;
 pub mod vm;
-pub mod util;
+pub mod serializer;
 pub mod heap;
 
 extern crate alloc;

hyphae/src/serializer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,734 @@
+/* Mycelium Scheme
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 Ava Affine
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+use crate::heap::{Datum, Cons, Gc};
+use crate::instr::Operation;
+use crate::vm::VM;
+use crate::stackstack::StackStack;
+
+use organelle::{Number, Fraction, SymbolicNumber, Float, ScientificNotation};
+
+use alloc::vec::Vec;
+use alloc::vec;
+
+use core::ops::{Deref, Index};
+use core::mem::transmute;
+
+const US: usize = (usize::BITS / 8) as usize;
+
+#[repr(u8)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum DeserializerControlCode {
+    SciNumber   = 0x00,
+    FltNumber   = 0x01,
+    FraNumber   = 0x02,
+    SymInf      = 0x03,
+    SymNan      = 0x04,
+    SymNegInf   = 0x05,
+    SymNegNan   = 0x06,
+    BoolFalse   = 0x07,
+    BoolTrue    = 0x08,
+    Char        = 0x09,
+    String      = 0x0A,
+    ByteVec     = 0x0B,
+    Vector      = 0x0C,
+    EmptyCons   = 0x0D,
+    LeftCons    = 0x0E,
+    RightCons   = 0x0F,
+    FullCons    = 0x10,
+    DataChunk   = 0x11,
+    CodeChunk   = 0x12,
+}
+
+#[repr(u8)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum Address {
+    Stack  = 0xf0, // immutable access only
+    Instr  = 0xf1, // immutable access only
+    Expr   = 0xf2, // mutable access allowed
+    Oper1  = 0xf3, // mutable access allowed
+    Oper2  = 0xf4, // mutable access allowed
+    Oper3  = 0xf5, // mutable access allowed
+    Oper4  = 0xf6, // mutable access allowed
+    Numer  = 0xf8, // immutable access only
+    Bool   = 0xf9, // immutable access only
+    Char   = 0xfa, // immutable access only
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Deserializer<'a> {
+    pub input: &'a [u8],
+    // TODO: Debug levels for errors
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Operand(pub Address, pub usize);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Instruction(pub Operation, pub Vec<Operand>);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Program(pub Vec<Instruction>);
+
+impl Into<u8> for Address {
+    fn into(self) -> u8 {
+        unsafe { transmute::<Address, u8>(self) }
+    }
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<u8> for Address {
+    type Error = &'static str;
+    fn try_from(val: u8) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match val {
+            _ if val == Address::Stack  as u8 => Ok(Address::Stack),
+            _ if val == Address::Instr  as u8 => Ok(Address::Instr),
+            _ if val == Address::Expr   as u8 => Ok(Address::Expr),
+            _ if val == Address::Oper1  as u8 => Ok(Address::Oper1),
+            _ if val == Address::Oper2  as u8 => Ok(Address::Oper2),
+            _ if val == Address::Oper3  as u8 => Ok(Address::Oper3),
+            _ if val == Address::Oper4  as u8 => Ok(Address::Oper4),
+            _ if val == Address::Numer  as u8 => Ok(Address::Numer),
+            _ if val == Address::Bool   as u8 => Ok(Address::Bool),
+            _ if val == Address::Char   as u8 => Ok(Address::Char),
+            _ => Err("illegal addressing mode")
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Address {
+    fn operand_size(&self) -> u8 {
+        match self {
+            Address::Stack => (usize::BITS / 8) as u8,
+            Address::Instr => (usize::BITS / 8) as u8,
+            Address::Numer => (usize::BITS / 8) as u8,
+            Address::Bool  => 1,
+            Address::Char  => 1,
+            _ => 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<&[u8]> for Operand {
+    type Error = &'static str;
+    fn try_from(value: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let addr_mode: Address = value[0].try_into()?;
+        let operand_size = addr_mode.operand_size();
+        if value.len() < (operand_size + 1).into() {
+            return Err("truncated address data")
+        }
+
+        let mut operand_bytes: [u8; 8] = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
+        for (&src, dest) in value[1..(1+operand_size) as usize]
+            .iter()
+            .zip(operand_bytes.iter_mut()) {
+                *dest = src;
+        }
+
+        Ok(Operand(addr_mode, usize::from_ne_bytes(operand_bytes)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Into<Vec<u8>> for Operand {
+    fn into(self) -> Vec<u8> {
+        let mut res = vec![];
+        res.push(self.0.clone() as u8);
+        res.append(&mut self.1.to_ne_bytes()[..self.0.operand_size() as usize].to_vec());
+        res
+    }
+}
+
+impl Operand {
+    fn byte_length(&self) -> u8 {
+        1 + self.0.operand_size()
+    }
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<&[u8]> for Instruction {
+    type Error = &'static str;
+    fn try_from(value: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let operation: Operation = value[0].try_into()?;
+        let mut operands: Vec<Operand> = vec![];
+
+        let mut cur = 1;
+        for _ in 0..operation.num_args()? {
+            if cur >= value.len() {
+                return Err("operand data truncated")
+            }
+            let operand: Operand = value[cur..].try_into()?;
+            cur += operand.byte_length() as usize;
+            operands.push(operand);
+        }
+
+        Ok(Instruction(operation, operands))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Into<Vec<u8>> for Instruction {
+    fn into(self) -> Vec<u8> {
+        let mut res = vec![];
+        res.push(self.0.0);
+        for op in self.1 {
+            res.append(&mut op.into())
+        }
+        res
+    }
+}
+
+impl Instruction {
+    fn byte_length(&self) -> u8 {
+        self.1.iter()
+            .fold(0, |total, oper|
+                total + oper.byte_length()) + 1
+    }
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<&[u8]> for Program {
+    type Error = &'static str;
+    fn try_from(value: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let mut prog: Vec<Instruction> = vec![];
+        let mut cur = 0;
+
+        while cur < value.len() {
+            let instruction: Instruction = value[cur..].try_into()?;
+            cur += instruction.byte_length() as usize;
+            prog.push(instruction);
+        }
+
+        Ok(Program(prog))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Into<Vec<u8>> for Program {
+    fn into(self) -> Vec<u8> {
+        let mut res: Vec<u8> = vec![];
+        for instr in self.0 {
+            res.append(&mut instr.into())
+        }
+        res
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> Index<usize> for Program {
+    type Output = Instruction;
+    fn index(&self, index: usize) -> &Instruction {
+        self.0.get(index).expect("access to out of bounds instruction in vm")
+    }
+}
+
+impl TryFrom<u8> for DeserializerControlCode {
+    type Error = &'static str;
+    fn try_from(value: u8) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match value {
+            0x00 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::SciNumber),
+            0x01 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::FltNumber),
+            0x02 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::FraNumber),
+            0x03 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::SymInf),
+            0x04 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::SymNan),
+            0x05 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::SymNegInf),
+            0x06 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::SymNegNan),
+            0x07 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::BoolFalse),
+            0x08 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::BoolTrue),
+            0x09 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::Char),
+            0x0A => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::String),
+            0x0B => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::ByteVec),
+            0x0C => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::Vector),
+            0x0D => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::EmptyCons),
+            0x0E => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::LeftCons),
+            0x0F => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::RightCons),
+            0x10 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::FullCons),
+            0x11 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::DataChunk),
+            0x12 => Ok(DeserializerControlCode::CodeChunk),
+            _ => Err("invalid control code")
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> From<&'a [u8]> for Deserializer<'a> {
+    fn from(value: &'a [u8]) -> Self {
+        Deserializer{input: value}
+    }
+}
+
+impl TryInto<VM> for Deserializer<'_> {
+    type Error = &'static str;
+
+    fn try_into(self) -> Result<VM, Self::Error> {
+        let mut cur: usize = 0;
+        let mut stack: Option<StackStack<Gc<Datum>>> = None;
+        let mut program: Option<Program> = None;
+
+        loop {
+            if cur >= self.input.len() {
+                break
+            }
+
+            let b = self.input[cur];
+            cur += 1;
+
+            match DeserializerControlCode::try_from(b) {
+                Err(_) => return Err("executable contains data without a control code"),
+                Ok(ctrl) => match ctrl {
+                    DeserializerControlCode::DataChunk => stack = Some(self.parse_data_chunk(cur)?),
+                    DeserializerControlCode::CodeChunk => program = Some(self.parse_code_chunk(cur)?),
+                    _ => return Err("executable contains stray data not in demarcated chunk"),
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if program.is_none() {
+            Err("executable does not contain a data chunk")
+        } else {
+            Ok(VM::new_with_opts(program.unwrap(), None, stack, None))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Deserializer<'_> {
+    fn parse_data_chunk(&self, start: usize) -> Result<StackStack<Gc<Datum>>, &'static str> {
+        let mut stack: StackStack<Gc<Datum>> = StackStack::new();
+        let mut cur = start;
+
+        while cur <= self.input.len() {
+            let item = self.deserialize_datum(cur)?;
+            stack.push_current_stack(item.clone().into());
+            cur += datum_byte_length(&item);
+        }
+
+        Ok(stack)
+    }
+
+    fn parse_code_chunk(&self, _start: usize) -> Result<Program, &'static str> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn deserialize_number(&self, start: usize) -> Result<Number, &'static str> {
+        let here = &self.input[start..];
+        match DeserializerControlCode::try_from(here[0])? {
+            DeserializerControlCode::SymInf => Ok(Number::Sym(SymbolicNumber::Inf)),
+            DeserializerControlCode::SymNan => Ok(Number::Sym(SymbolicNumber::NaN)),
+            DeserializerControlCode::SymNegInf => Ok(Number::Sym(SymbolicNumber::NegInf)),
+            DeserializerControlCode::SymNegNan => Ok(Number::Sym(SymbolicNumber::NegNan)),
+            DeserializerControlCode::SciNumber if here.len() >= (1 + 4 + (isize::BITS / 8)) as usize => {
+                let i = f32::from_be_bytes(here[1..5].try_into().unwrap());
+                let j = isize::from_be_bytes(here[5..13].try_into().unwrap());
+                Ok(Number::Sci(ScientificNotation(i, j)))
+            },
+            DeserializerControlCode::FltNumber if here.len() >= 9 as usize => {
+                let i = f64::from_be_bytes(here[1..9].try_into().unwrap());
+                Ok(Number::Flt(Float(i)))
+            },
+            DeserializerControlCode::FraNumber if here.len() >= 1 + ((isize::BITS / 8) * 2) as usize => {
+                let i = isize::from_be_bytes(here[1..9].try_into().unwrap());
+                let j = isize::from_be_bytes(here[9..17].try_into().unwrap());
+                Ok(Number::Fra(Fraction(i, j)))
+            },
+            _ => Err("attempted to deserialize invalid number format")
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn deserialize_datum(&self, start: usize) -> Result<Datum, &'static str> {
+        match DeserializerControlCode::try_from(self.input[start])? {
+            DeserializerControlCode::SciNumber |
+                DeserializerControlCode::FltNumber |
+                DeserializerControlCode::FraNumber |
+                DeserializerControlCode::SymInf |
+                DeserializerControlCode::SymNan |
+                DeserializerControlCode::SymNegInf |
+                DeserializerControlCode::SymNegNan =>
+                    self.deserialize_number(start).and_then(|num| Ok(Datum::Number(num))),
+
+            DeserializerControlCode::BoolFalse => Ok(Datum::Bool(false)),
+            DeserializerControlCode::BoolTrue  => Ok(Datum::Bool(true)),
+
+            DeserializerControlCode::EmptyCons if self.input.len() - start >= 1 =>
+                Ok(Datum::Cons(Cons(None, None))),
+
+            DeserializerControlCode::Char if self.input.len() - start >= 2 =>
+                Ok(Datum::Char(self.input[start + 1])),
+
+            DeserializerControlCode::String if self.input.len() - start >= (1 + US) => {
+                let len = usize::from_be_bytes(self.input[start + 1..(start + 1 + US)].try_into().unwrap());
+                if len < 1 {
+                    Ok(Datum::String(vec![]))
+                } else if self.input.len() - (start + 1 + US) < len {
+                    Err("String vector backing is corrupted or truncated!")
+                } else {
+                    Ok(Datum::String(self.input[(start + 1 + US).. (start + 1 + US + len)].to_vec()))
+                }
+            },
+
+            DeserializerControlCode::ByteVec if self.input.len() - start >= (1 + US) => {
+                let len = usize::from_be_bytes(self.input[start + 1..(start + 1 + US)].try_into().unwrap());
+                if len < 1 {
+                    Ok(Datum::ByteVector(vec![]))
+                } else if self.input.len() - (start + 1 + US) < len {
+                    Err("ByteVector vector backing is corrupted or truncated!")
+                } else {
+                    Ok(Datum::ByteVector(self.input[(start + 1 + US).. (start + 1 + US + len)].to_vec()))
+                }
+            },
+
+            DeserializerControlCode::Vector if self.input.len() >= (start + 1 + US) => {
+                let len = usize::from_be_bytes(self.input[start + 1..(start + 1 + US)].try_into().unwrap());
+                if len < 1 {
+                    Ok(Datum::Vector(vec![]))
+                } else {
+                    let mut cursor: usize = 1 + US;
+                    let mut ovec: Vec<Gc<Datum>> = vec![];
+                    for _ in 0..len {
+                        ovec.push(self.deserialize_datum(start + cursor)?.into());
+                        cursor += datum_byte_length(ovec.last().unwrap());
+                    }
+                    Ok(Datum::Vector(ovec))
+                }
+            },
+
+            DeserializerControlCode::LeftCons if self.input.len() - start >= 2 =>
+                Ok(Datum::Cons(Cons(Some(self.deserialize_datum(start + 1)?.into()), None))),
+            DeserializerControlCode::RightCons if self.input.len() - start >= 2 =>
+                Ok(Datum::Cons(Cons(None, Some(self.deserialize_datum(start + 1)?.into())))),
+            DeserializerControlCode::FullCons if self.input.len() - start >= 3 => {
+                let lop = self.deserialize_datum(start + 1)?;
+                let next = start + 1 + datum_byte_length(&lop);
+                let rop = self.deserialize_datum(next)?;
+                Ok(Datum::Cons(Cons(Some(lop.into()), Some(rop.into()))))
+            }
+
+            _ => Err("Deserializer Control Code not valid in this context")
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn datum_byte_length(input: &Datum) -> usize {
+    match input {
+        Datum::None => 0,
+        Datum::Bool(_) => 1,
+        Datum::Char(_) => 2,
+        // This will need to change with organelle
+        Datum::Number(n) => match n {
+            Number::Sym(_) => 1 as usize,
+            Number::Flt(_) => 1 + 8 as usize,
+            Number::Sci(_) => 1 + 4 + (isize::BITS / 8) as usize,
+            Number::Fra(_) => 1 + ((usize::BITS / 8) * 2) as usize,
+        },
+        Datum::String(s) => 1 + US + s.len(),
+        Datum::ByteVector(s) => 1 + US + s.len(),
+        Datum::Vector(s) => {
+            let mut c = 1 + US;
+            for i in s.iter() {
+                c += datum_byte_length(i);
+            }
+            c
+        },
+        Datum::Cons(c) => {
+            let mut size = 1;
+            c.0.as_ref().and_then(|x| {
+                size += datum_byte_length(x.deref());
+                Some(())
+            });
+
+            c.1.as_ref().and_then(|x| {
+                size += datum_byte_length(x.deref());
+                Some(())
+            });
+
+            size
+        },
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn serialize_datum(input: &Datum) -> Vec<u8> {
+    match input {
+        Datum::Number(n) => {
+            let mut out: Vec<u8> = vec![];
+            match n {
+                Number::Sci(num) => {
+                    out.push(DeserializerControlCode::SciNumber as u8);
+                    for ele in num.0.to_be_bytes().iter() {
+                        out.push(*ele);
+                    }
+                    for ele in num.1.to_be_bytes().iter() {
+                        out.push(*ele);
+                    }
+                    out
+                },
+                Number::Flt(num) => {
+                    out.push(DeserializerControlCode::FltNumber as u8);
+                    for ele in num.0.to_be_bytes().iter() {
+                        out.push(*ele);
+                    }
+                    out
+                },
+                Number::Fra(num) => {
+                    out.push(DeserializerControlCode::FraNumber as u8);
+                    for ele in num.0.to_be_bytes().iter() {
+                        out.push(*ele);
+                    }
+                    for ele in num.1.to_be_bytes().iter() {
+                        out.push(*ele);
+                    }
+                    out
+                },
+                Number::Sym(num) => {
+                    match num {
+                        SymbolicNumber::Inf => out.push(DeserializerControlCode::SymInf as u8),
+                        SymbolicNumber::NaN => out.push(DeserializerControlCode::SymNan as u8),
+                        SymbolicNumber::NegInf => out.push(DeserializerControlCode::SymNegInf as u8),
+                        SymbolicNumber::NegNan => out.push(DeserializerControlCode::SymNegNan as u8),
+                    }
+                    out
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        Datum::Bool(b) if !*b => vec![DeserializerControlCode::BoolFalse as u8],
+        Datum::Bool(b) if  *b => vec![DeserializerControlCode::BoolTrue as u8],
+        Datum::Bool(_) => panic!("rustc somehow has a third bool!"),
+        Datum::Cons(c) => {
+            if let Some(lop) = &c.0 {
+                if let Some(rop) = &c.1 {
+                    let mut out = vec![DeserializerControlCode::FullCons as u8];
+                    out.append(&mut serialize_datum(&lop));
+                    out.append(&mut serialize_datum(&rop));
+                    out
+                } else {
+                    let mut out = vec![DeserializerControlCode::LeftCons as u8];
+                    out.append(&mut serialize_datum(&lop));
+                    out
+                }
+            } else {
+                if let Some(rop) = &c.1 {
+                    let mut out = vec![DeserializerControlCode::RightCons as u8];
+                    out.append(&mut serialize_datum(&rop));
+                    out
+                } else {
+                    vec![DeserializerControlCode::EmptyCons as u8]
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        Datum::Char(c) => vec![DeserializerControlCode::Char as u8, *c],
+        Datum::String(c) => {
+            let mut v = vec![DeserializerControlCode::String as u8];
+            for i in c.len().to_be_bytes().iter() {
+                v.push(*i);
+            }
+            for i in c.iter() {
+                v.push(*i);
+            }
+            v
+        },
+        Datum::ByteVector(c) => {
+            let mut v = vec![DeserializerControlCode::ByteVec as u8];
+            for i in c.len().to_be_bytes().iter() {
+                v.push(*i);
+            }
+            for i in c.iter() {
+                v.push(*i);
+            }
+            v
+        },
+        Datum::Vector(c) => {
+            let mut v = vec![DeserializerControlCode::Vector as u8];
+            for i in c.len().to_be_bytes().iter() {
+                v.push(*i);
+            }
+            for i in c.iter() {
+                let b = serialize_datum(i);
+                for j in b.iter() {
+                    v.push(*j);
+                }
+            }
+            v
+        },
+        Datum::None => vec![],
+    }
+}
+
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::instr;
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_operand_parse() {
+        let bad_addressing =
+            TryInto::<Operand>::try_into(&[0x13, 0x39][..]);
+        assert_eq!(bad_addressing, Err("illegal addressing mode"));
+
+        let truncated_address =
+            TryInto::<Operand>::try_into(&[0xf1][..]);
+        assert_eq!(truncated_address, Err("truncated address data"));
+
+        let usize_case =
+            TryInto::<Operand>::try_into(&[Address::Stack.into(),
+                0x23, 0x23, 0x23, 0x23, 0x23, 0x23, 0x23, 0x23][..]);
+        assert!(usize_case.is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(usize_case.unwrap().0, Address::Stack);
+
+        let register_operand = Operand(Address::Expr, 0);
+        let operand_byte_arr =
+            TryInto::<Vec<u8>>::try_into(register_operand.clone());
+        assert!(operand_byte_arr.is_ok());
+        let br = operand_byte_arr.unwrap();
+        let operand_bytes = br.as_slice();
+        assert_eq!(operand_bytes, &[0xf2][..]);
+        let operand_conv =
+            TryInto::<Operand>::try_into(operand_bytes);
+        assert!(operand_conv.is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(register_operand, operand_conv.unwrap());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_instruction_parse() {
+        let illegal_instruction =
+            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[0x88][..]);
+        assert_eq!(illegal_instruction, Err("illegal instruction"));
+
+        let bad_operand =
+            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[instr::TRAP.0, 0xf1][..]);
+        assert_eq!(bad_operand, Err("truncated address data"));
+
+        let need_more_opers =
+            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[instr::TRAP.0][..]);
+        assert_eq!(need_more_opers, Err("operand data truncated"));
+
+        let no_operands =
+            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[instr::POP.0][..]);
+        assert!(no_operands.is_ok());
+        let nop = no_operands.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(nop.0, instr::POP);
+        let nop_bytes =
+            TryInto::<Vec<u8>>::try_into(nop);
+        assert!(nop_bytes.is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(nop_bytes.unwrap(), vec![instr::POP.0]);
+
+        let one_operand =
+            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[instr::TRAP.0, 0xf3][..]);
+        assert!(one_operand.is_ok());
+        let oe_oper = one_operand.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(oe_oper.0, instr::TRAP);
+        assert_eq!(oe_oper.1.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(oe_oper.1[0], Operand(Address::Oper1, 0));
+        let oe_bytes =
+            TryInto::<Vec<u8>>::try_into(oe_oper);
+        assert!(oe_bytes.is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(oe_bytes.unwrap(), vec![instr::TRAP.0, 0xf3]);
+
+        let two_operands =
+            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[instr::LINK.0, 0xf3, 0xf4][..]);
+        assert!(two_operands.is_ok());
+        let two_oper = two_operands.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(two_oper.0, instr::LINK);
+        assert_eq!(two_oper.1.len(), 2);
+        let two_bytes =
+            TryInto::<Vec<u8>>::try_into(two_oper.clone());
+        assert!(two_bytes.is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(two_bytes.unwrap(), vec![instr::LINK.0, 0xf3, 0xf4]);
+        assert_eq!(two_oper.1[0], Operand(Address::Oper1, 0));
+        assert_eq!(two_oper.1[1], Operand(Address::Oper2, 0));
+   }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_program_parse() {
+        let bytes1 = [instr::LINK.0, 0xf3, 0xf4];
+        let out1 = vec![Instruction(instr::LINK,
+            vec![Operand(Address::Oper1, 0), Operand(Address::Oper2, 0)])];
+        let res1 =
+            TryInto::<Program>::try_into(&bytes1[..]);
+        assert!(res1.is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(res1.unwrap().0, out1);
+
+        let bytes2 = [
+            instr::LINK.0, 0xf3, 0xf4,
+            instr::CLEAR.0, 0xf0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
+        ];
+        let out2 = vec![
+            Instruction(instr::LINK, vec![
+                Operand(Address::Oper1, 0),
+                Operand(Address::Oper2, 0)
+            ]),
+
+            Instruction(instr::CLEAR, vec![
+                Operand(Address::Stack, 1)
+            ])
+        ];
+        let res2 =
+            TryInto::<Program>::try_into(&bytes2[..]);
+        assert!(res2.is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(res2.unwrap().0, out2);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_serializer_control_code_consistency() {
+        let mut input: u8 = 0x00;
+        loop {
+            if DeserializerControlCode::try_from(input)
+                .and_then(|x| Ok(assert!(x as u8 == input)))
+                    .is_err() {
+                        break;
+            }
+
+            input += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_deserialize_number_tests() {
+        let cases = vec![
+            "2/3".parse::<Number>().unwrap(),
+            "-4/5".parse::<Number>().unwrap(),
+            "2e45".parse::<Number>().unwrap(),
+            "1.2432566".parse::<Number>().unwrap(),
+            "+inf.0".parse::<Number>().unwrap(),
+        ];
+
+        for i in cases.iter() {
+            let j = Deserializer{input: &serialize_datum(&Datum::Number(*i))};
+            assert_eq!(*i, j.deserialize_number(0).unwrap());
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_deserialize_cons_tests() {
+        let cases = vec![
+            Datum::Cons(Cons(Some(Datum::Bool(true).into()), Some(Datum::Bool(false).into()))),
+            Datum::Cons(Cons(None, Some(Datum::Bool(true).into()))),
+            Datum::Cons(Cons(Some(Datum::Bool(true).into()), None)),
+            Datum::Cons(Cons(None, None)),
+            Datum::Cons(Cons(Some(Datum::Cons(Cons(None, Some(Datum::Bool(false).into()))).into()), None)),
+        ];
+
+        for i in cases.iter() {
+            let j = Deserializer{input: &serialize_datum(i)};
+            assert_eq!(*i, j.deserialize_datum(0).unwrap());
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn serialize_deserialize_vector_tests() {
+        let cases = vec![
+            Datum::Vector(vec![Datum::Bool(true).into(), Datum::Bool(true).into(), Datum::Bool(false).into()]),
+            Datum::Vector(vec![]),
+            Datum::Vector(vec![Datum::Vector(vec![Datum::Bool(true).into()]).into(), Datum::Bool(false).into()]),
+        ];
+
+        for i in cases.iter() {
+            let j = Deserializer{input: &serialize_datum(i)};
+            assert_eq!(*i, j.deserialize_datum(0).unwrap());
+        }
+    }
+}

hyphae/src/util.rs

@@ -1,309 +0,0 @@
-/* Mycelium Scheme
- * Copyright (C) 2025 Ava Affine
- *
- * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-use crate::instr::Operation;
-
-use alloc::vec::Vec;
-use alloc::vec;
-
-use core::ops::Index;
-use core::mem::transmute;
-
-#[repr(u8)]
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
-pub enum Address {
-    Stack  = 0xf0, // immutable access only
-    Instr  = 0xf1, // immutable access only
-    Expr   = 0xf2, // mutable access allowed
-    Oper1  = 0xf3, // mutable access allowed
-    Oper2  = 0xf4, // mutable access allowed
-    Oper3  = 0xf5, // mutable access allowed
-    Oper4  = 0xf6, // mutable access allowed
-    Numer  = 0xf8, // immutable access only
-    Bool   = 0xf9, // immutable access only
-    Char   = 0xfa, // immutable access only
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
-pub struct Operand(pub Address, pub usize);
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
-pub struct Instruction(pub Operation, pub Vec<Operand>);
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
-pub struct Program(pub Vec<Instruction>);
-
-impl Into<u8> for Address {
-    fn into(self) -> u8 {
-        unsafe { transmute::<Address, u8>(self) }
-    }
-}
-
-impl TryFrom<u8> for Address {
-    type Error = &'static str;
-    fn try_from(val: u8) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        match val {
-            _ if val == Address::Stack  as u8 => Ok(Address::Stack),
-            _ if val == Address::Instr  as u8 => Ok(Address::Instr),
-            _ if val == Address::Expr   as u8 => Ok(Address::Expr),
-            _ if val == Address::Oper1  as u8 => Ok(Address::Oper1),
-            _ if val == Address::Oper2  as u8 => Ok(Address::Oper2),
-            _ if val == Address::Oper3  as u8 => Ok(Address::Oper3),
-            _ if val == Address::Oper4  as u8 => Ok(Address::Oper4),
-            _ if val == Address::Numer  as u8 => Ok(Address::Numer),
-            _ if val == Address::Bool   as u8 => Ok(Address::Bool),
-            _ if val == Address::Char   as u8 => Ok(Address::Char),
-            _ => Err("illegal addressing mode")
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Address {
-    fn operand_size(&self) -> u8 {
-        match self {
-            Address::Stack => (usize::BITS / 8) as u8,
-            Address::Instr => (usize::BITS / 8) as u8,
-            Address::Numer => (usize::BITS / 8) as u8,
-            Address::Bool  => 1,
-            Address::Char  => 1,
-            _ => 0,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl TryFrom<&[u8]> for Operand {
-    type Error = &'static str;
-    fn try_from(value: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let addr_mode: Address = value[0].try_into()?;
-        let operand_size = addr_mode.operand_size();
-        if value.len() < (operand_size + 1).into() {
-            return Err("truncated address data")
-        }
-
-        let mut operand_bytes: [u8; 8] = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
-        for (&src, dest) in value[1..(1+operand_size) as usize]
-            .iter()
-            .zip(operand_bytes.iter_mut()) {
-                *dest = src;
-        }
-
-        Ok(Operand(addr_mode, usize::from_ne_bytes(operand_bytes)))
-    }
-}
-
-impl Into<Vec<u8>> for Operand {
-    fn into(self) -> Vec<u8> {
-        let mut res = vec![];
-        res.push(self.0.clone() as u8);
-        res.append(&mut self.1.to_ne_bytes()[..self.0.operand_size() as usize].to_vec());
-        res
-    }
-}
-
-impl Operand {
-    fn byte_length(&self) -> u8 {
-        1 + self.0.operand_size()
-    }
-}
-
-impl TryFrom<&[u8]> for Instruction {
-    type Error = &'static str;
-    fn try_from(value: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let operation: Operation = value[0].try_into()?;
-        let mut operands: Vec<Operand> = vec![];
-
-        let mut cur = 1;
-        for _ in 0..operation.num_args()? {
-            if cur >= value.len() {
-                return Err("operand data truncated")
-            }
-            let operand: Operand = value[cur..].try_into()?;
-            cur += operand.byte_length() as usize;
-            operands.push(operand);
-        }
-
-        Ok(Instruction(operation, operands))
-    }
-}
-
-impl Into<Vec<u8>> for Instruction {
-    fn into(self) -> Vec<u8> {
-        let mut res = vec![];
-        res.push(self.0.0);
-        for op in self.1 {
-            res.append(&mut op.into())
-        }
-        res
-    }
-}
-
-impl Instruction {
-    fn byte_length(&self) -> u8 {
-        self.1.iter()
-            .fold(0, |total, oper|
-                total + oper.byte_length()) + 1
-    }
-}
-
-impl TryFrom<&[u8]> for Program {
-    type Error = &'static str;
-    fn try_from(value: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let mut prog: Vec<Instruction> = vec![];
-        let mut cur = 0;
-
-        while cur < value.len() {
-            let instruction: Instruction = value[cur..].try_into()?;
-            cur += instruction.byte_length() as usize;
-            prog.push(instruction);
-        }
-
-        Ok(Program(prog))
-    }
-}
-
-impl Into<Vec<u8>> for Program {
-    fn into(self) -> Vec<u8> {
-        let mut res: Vec<u8> = vec![];
-        for instr in self.0 {
-            res.append(&mut instr.into())
-        }
-        res
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> Index<usize> for Program {
-    type Output = Instruction;
-    fn index(&self, index: usize) -> &Instruction {
-        self.0.get(index).expect("access to out of bounds instruction in vm")
-    }
-}
-
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use crate::instr;
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_operand_parse() {
-        let bad_addressing =
-            TryInto::<Operand>::try_into(&[0x13, 0x39][..]);
-        assert_eq!(bad_addressing, Err("illegal addressing mode"));
-
-        let truncated_address =
-            TryInto::<Operand>::try_into(&[0xf1][..]);
-        assert_eq!(truncated_address, Err("truncated address data"));
-
-        let usize_case =
-            TryInto::<Operand>::try_into(&[Address::Stack.into(),
-                0x23, 0x23, 0x23, 0x23, 0x23, 0x23, 0x23, 0x23][..]);
-        assert!(usize_case.is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(usize_case.unwrap().0, Address::Stack);
-
-        let register_operand = Operand(Address::Expr, 0);
-        let operand_byte_arr =
-            TryInto::<Vec<u8>>::try_into(register_operand.clone());
-        assert!(operand_byte_arr.is_ok());
-        let br = operand_byte_arr.unwrap();
-        let operand_bytes = br.as_slice();
-        assert_eq!(operand_bytes, &[0xf2][..]);
-        let operand_conv =
-            TryInto::<Operand>::try_into(operand_bytes);
-        assert!(operand_conv.is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(register_operand, operand_conv.unwrap());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_instruction_parse() {
-        let illegal_instruction =
-            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[0x88][..]);
-        assert_eq!(illegal_instruction, Err("illegal instruction"));
-
-        let bad_operand =
-            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[instr::TRAP.0, 0xf1][..]);
-        assert_eq!(bad_operand, Err("truncated address data"));
-
-        let need_more_opers =
-            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[instr::TRAP.0][..]);
-        assert_eq!(need_more_opers, Err("operand data truncated"));
-
-        let no_operands =
-            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[instr::POP.0][..]);
-        assert!(no_operands.is_ok());
-        let nop = no_operands.unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(nop.0, instr::POP);
-        let nop_bytes =
-            TryInto::<Vec<u8>>::try_into(nop);
-        assert!(nop_bytes.is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(nop_bytes.unwrap(), vec![instr::POP.0]);
-
-        let one_operand =
-            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[instr::TRAP.0, 0xf3][..]);
-        assert!(one_operand.is_ok());
-        let oe_oper = one_operand.unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(oe_oper.0, instr::TRAP);
-        assert_eq!(oe_oper.1.len(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(oe_oper.1[0], Operand(Address::Oper1, 0));
-        let oe_bytes =
-            TryInto::<Vec<u8>>::try_into(oe_oper);
-        assert!(oe_bytes.is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(oe_bytes.unwrap(), vec![instr::TRAP.0, 0xf3]);
-
-        let two_operands =
-            TryInto::<Instruction>::try_into(&[instr::LINK.0, 0xf3, 0xf4][..]);
-        assert!(two_operands.is_ok());
-        let two_oper = two_operands.unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(two_oper.0, instr::LINK);
-        assert_eq!(two_oper.1.len(), 2);
-        let two_bytes =
-            TryInto::<Vec<u8>>::try_into(two_oper.clone());
-        assert!(two_bytes.is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(two_bytes.unwrap(), vec![instr::LINK.0, 0xf3, 0xf4]);
-        assert_eq!(two_oper.1[0], Operand(Address::Oper1, 0));
-        assert_eq!(two_oper.1[1], Operand(Address::Oper2, 0));
-   }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_program_parse() {
-        let bytes1 = [instr::LINK.0, 0xf3, 0xf4];
-        let out1 = vec![Instruction(instr::LINK,
-            vec![Operand(Address::Oper1, 0), Operand(Address::Oper2, 0)])];
-        let res1 =
-            TryInto::<Program>::try_into(&bytes1[..]);
-        assert!(res1.is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(res1.unwrap().0, out1);
-
-        let bytes2 = [
-            instr::LINK.0, 0xf3, 0xf4,
-            instr::CLEAR.0, 0xf0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
-        ];
-        let out2 = vec![
-            Instruction(instr::LINK, vec![
-                Operand(Address::Oper1, 0),
-                Operand(Address::Oper2, 0)
-            ]),
-
-            Instruction(instr::CLEAR, vec![
-                Operand(Address::Stack, 1)
-            ])
-        ];
-        let res2 =
-            TryInto::<Program>::try_into(&bytes2[..]);
-        assert!(res2.is_ok());
-        assert_eq!(res2.unwrap().0, out2);
-    }
-}

hyphae/src/vm.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use organelle::{Fraction, Number, Numeric};
 use crate::hmap::QuickMap;
 use crate::stackstack::StackStack;
 use crate::instr as i;
-use crate::util::{Operand, Program, Address};
+use crate::serializer::{Operand, Program, Address};
 use crate::heap::{Gc, Datum, Cons};
 
 use core::ops::DerefMut;
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ impl VM {
             .with_stack(stack)
             .with_symbols(syms)
             .with_traps(traps)
-            .to_owned() // not efficient, but we are not executing
+            .to_owned() // not efficient
     }
 
     pub fn with_stack(
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ impl VM {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use crate::instr as i;
-    use crate::util::{Program, Instruction, Operand};
+    use crate::serializer::{Program, Instruction, Operand};
     use core::ops::Deref;
     use organelle::Float;
 

readme.md

@@ -8,9 +8,28 @@ project: a POSIX shell interpreter as well as a compiled to bytecode language fo
 running on ESP32 devices.
 
 ## Current Status
-Currently the lexer and parser are implemented. On an X86 machine equipped with 64GB
+The lexer and parser are implemented. On an X86 machine equipped with 64GB RAM
-RAM and an AMD Ryzen 7900 CPU this lexer and parser are capable of creating a fully
+and an AMD Ryzen 7900 CPU this lexer and parser are capable of creating a fully
 validated abstract syntax tree from approximately 11200 lines of handwritten scheme
 in about 55 milliseconds on average.
 
-Currently the bytecode VM and its instruction set are next to implement.
+
+HyphaeVM is mostly implemented. The instruction set is defined and implemented,
+including extensibility interfaces and the VM layout. Additionally, instruction
+encoding and decoding are implemented. Garbage collection is implemented (via
+reference counting). Currently being implemented are datum encoding/decoding and
+full program encoding/decoding. Yet to be approached are debugging routines, CLI
+utilities, and concurrency features. However, Documentation has been written on
+programming with HyphaeVM.
+
+
+The R7RS-Small Scheme to HyphaeVM compiler is not implemented.
+
+
+R7RS-Large is not implemented.
+
+
+The Linux/Mac/Windows runtime and extended compiler is not implemented.
+
+
+Documentation is not implemented.